Analysis of Parking Characteristics in Rest Area Km 726 B in Planning Parking Space Needs at Rest Area Facilities

The problem of traffic jams continues to increase, the government is designing an alternative road connecting Surakarta to Yogyakarta. The increasing volume of vehicles on the Solo - Yogyakarta toll road makes accidents prone due to driver negligence. To reduce the risk of accidents and relieve fatigue after traveling, one of the policies taken is to build rest areas and facilities. The method used in the research is a direct survey to obtain primary data in the form of incoming and outgoing vehicle data, the number of existing parked vehicles, facilities in rest areas and secondary data in the form of daily traffic on the Solo - Yogyakarta toll road obtained from PT. JMM. Based on the condition of the existing rest area, it is necessary to analyze the parking facilities to get an idea of parking capacity and parking space requirements. The guideline used in the research is "Guidelines for Planning and Operation of Parking Facilities for the Directorate of City Transport Traffic System Development 1998", as well as references related to parking analysis. The conclusion of the analysis results is that the parking space needed for the Solo-Yogyakarta toll road in the 2024 planning year is 271 SRP, the volume of incoming vehicles is 2751, the accumulation is 206 vehicles, the parking index is 75.99%, the turnover is 10.15, and in 2033 there are parking spaces. What is needed is a capacity of 541 SRP, a volume of incoming vehicles of 5495, an accumulation of 411 vehicles, a parking index of 76.07%, and a turnover of 10.16.


INTRODUCTION
The Solo-Yogyakarta-NYIA Kulon Progo Section I Package 1.1 Solo -Klaten Toll Road Development Plan (STA 0+000 -22+300), is a continuation of the Solo-Ngawi Toll Road which is part of the Trans Java Toll Road series and part of a program delayed due to the 1997 monetary crisis.The increasing volume of vehicles crossing the Solo -Yogyakarta toll road causes accidents due to negligence of road users.One of the negligence of road users is fatigue while driving (Pramesti & Widajati, 2021).In the laws and regulations regarding traffic and road transportation, there are terms and conditions that state that every driving a vehicle for 4 hours must rest for at least half an hour, to release fatigue, take a nap or drink coffee, eat, or go to the toilet.Aware of this, research will be carried out on the Rest and Service Area (Rest Area) STA 19+600 Manjungan Klaten Village on the Construction of the Solo -Yogyakarta -NYIA Kulon Progo Toll Road Section 1.1 (STA 0+000 -22+300).(RahayuY. S., 2022)(Salim, 2020) (Destiasri, 2011)

Theoretical Foundation Highway
Toll roads have a relatively high risk of accidents compared to other types of roads (Zaini & Maulana, 2024).Safety is a major factor of road design.Road infrastructure as one of the causes of traffic accidents must be designed and built by accommodating all aspects of safety for its users with consideration to minimize the risk of traffic accidents.

Parking Characteristics
According to the Technical Guidelines for the Implementation of Parking Facilities of the Directorate General of Land Transportation (1998: 1), parking is a temporary state of immovability of a vehicle, while the definition of stopping is a state of temporary immovability of a vehicle with the driver not leaving his vehicle.Parking characteristics are parameters that affect the utilization of parking lots.Through parking characteristics, parking conditions can be known that occur at the study location.(Raihana & Widyaningsih, 2021)

Parking Index
The parking index is a comparison between parking accumulation and parking capacity (Herdiansyah et al., 2017).Using the parking index it can be known whether or not the parking demand is comparable to the available capacity (Dogaroglu et al., 2021) Where applicable conditions: IP < 1, meaning that parking capacity is not problematic.IP = 1, meaning parking needs are balanced, normal capacity.IP > 1, meaning that parking needs exceed normal capacity.

Parking Duration
Parking duration can be seen based on the average parking time of a vehicle somewhere in a unit of time.

Parking Volume
Parking volume is vehicles that participate in a parking load (i.e.vehicles with a certain period of time).The formulation used is (Hobbs, 1995)

RESEARCH METHODS
The steps taken in analyzing the data obtained are to analyze the use of parking spaces by taking into account the characteristics of parking, namely parking volume, parking accumulation, parking duration, parking usage rate, parking index, traffic volume.After analyzing the data and finding a result, the next step is to draw conclusions from the study.

Growth in the Number of Vehicles
Vehicle growth is planned based on secondary data obtained from PT. JMM is daily traffic data that spans 10 years.The location of rest area 726 B is very strategic located on the toll road between Surabaya -Mojokerto, commonly referred to as Sumo Toll Road.The clean and comfortable rest area of 726 B helps the driver restore power and relieve drowsiness.Apart from being a place to rest, toll road users can also refuel, go to the toilet, perform prayers, buy necessities during the trip at the supermarket and can take a break at restaurants or food court kiosks available at the location.

Parking Duration
In general, the calculation of parking duration as stated in chapter 2.3 time distribution analysis is carried out by calculating the number of vehicles parked per unit of time that is the same according to the time span.

Parking volume and parking accumulation
Based on the equation formula ( 6) of chapter 4.2.1.5 the parking volume can be calculated by the following formula: Vp=Ei + x VP= 112+99+180+153+234+175+145+249+179+141+246+195+175= 2283 Based on the formula equation (4) parking accumulation can be calculated by the following formula: AP = KM -KK + P AP = 99 -74 + 112= 137 vehicles So that the volume of parking and accumulation that occurs can be shown in the example of calculating parking accumulation in the table below: Turn over in the KM 726B rest area parking lot experienced an average turnover of 10.15 times.

Parking Index
From the data obtained from the observations, it can be determined the magnitude of the parking index of car and truck parking lots as follows: The parking index of the car park in the rest area KM 726 B is 76.00%, so it can be interpreted that the parking lot can still accommodate parked vehicles.

Figure 1 .
Figure 1.Lay Out Rest Area Km 726 B (Source: survey results) Parking DimensionsIn Indonesia, the standard that is always used in planning parking dimensions is the Directorate General of Land Transportation Standard in 1998 concerning technical guidelines for the implementation of parking facilities.
(Rifai, Hadiwardoyo,  Correia, & Pereira, 2016)(Mandal, Pawade, Sandel, & Infrastructure, 2019)(Pembuain,  Priyanto, & Suparma, 2019)Rest AreaRest Area is a rest area equipped with various public facilities for toll road users, so that both drivers, passengers, and vehicles can rest temporarily.(PERMEN-PUPR,2028)Rest Area is a facility that provides opportunities for drivers, crew, passengers, and vehicles to stop and rest.As for the vehicle, the Rest Area can refuel, check the vehicle, wash the vehicle and rest the engine.(Purnamasari,2012)

Table 1 .
Daily Traffic List of Solo Jogja Toll Road Section 1.1 (Data source : PT.JMM)

Table 2 .
Comparison of Parking Space Dimensions (Source: Analysis Results)

Area 726 B Inventory The
rest area facility used as a research area is Km 726 B has an area of approximately 5,432 Ha.The vehicle parking area in rest area 726 B has a planned capacity of 225 SRP which is calculated directly on site based on the SRP that is already available in the rest area.

Table 3 .
List of Public Facilities (Source: survey results) Analysis of Traffic Volume Characteristics on the Road" it is explained that the busiest days of the week are Friday and Saturday.The survey was conducted at the parking location in the rest area, namely the entrance and exit of parking in the rest area 726 B Krian starting from 09.00 to 21.00.From the survey results, it was found that the number of vehicles entering was 2283 vehicles and the number of vehicles leaving was 2283 vehicles as shown in table 4.6 below:

Table 4 .
Survey Results of Number of Vehicles Entering and Exiting (Source: Analysis Results)

Table 5 .
Calculation of Parking Time Distribution in Rest Area KM 726B (source: analysis results)

Table 6 .
Calculation of Volume and Accumulation of parking in Rest Area KM 726 B (Source: Analysis Results)

Table 7 .
Results of Daily Traffic Survey of Surabbaya Mojokerto Toll Road (Source: Survey Results)

Table 8 .
Modelling of incoming Vehicle Volume, Capacity and Accumulation (Source: Analysis Results)