Formulation and Stability of Exfoliating Liquid Soap Nanoemulsion from Lerak Extract (Sapindus rarak DC) and Coconut Dregs Waste
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.46799/jst.v5i10.1015Keywords:
Lerak, nanoemulsion, liquid soap, extractionAbstract
The use of natural-based skincare products is increasing along with public awareness of the importance of choosing safe and environmentally friendly ingredients. This study aims to develop a nanoemulsion-based exfoliating liquid soap from lerak (Sapindus rarak DC) extract and coconut pulp. Considering the environmental challenges due to the use of plastic-based products, this study adopts an eco-friendly approach by using natural raw materials. The Ultrasonic-Assisted Extraction (UAE) method was applied to extract active compounds from lerak fruit, followed by the preparation of nanoemulsions using a high-pressure homogenizer. Results showed that the resulting nanoemulsion had good stability, with small droplet size and viscosity suitable for cosmetic products. Organoleptic tests showed that the final product was safe and non-irritating to the skin. The developed exfoliating liquid soap product shows potential as an environmentally friendly alternative to synthetic surfactant-based products. This research contributes to the development of sustainable cosmetic products that utilize local resources, as well as raising awareness of the use of natural ingredients in the beauty industry.
Downloads
References
Abdassah, M. (2017). Nanopartikel dengan gelasi ionik. Jurnal Farmaka, 15(1), 45–52.
Belgium, A. O. B. J. P. 3a 2440 G. (1998). Tween 80.
BPOM RI. (2014). Peraturan Kepala Badan Pengawas Obat Dan Makanan Republik Indonesia Nomor 12
Tahun 2014 Tentang Persyaratan Mutu Obat Tradisional. Badan Pengawas Obat Dan Makanan, 1–
Cahyaningsih, D., Ariesta, N., & Amelia, R. (2019). Pengujian Parameter Fisik Sabun Mandi Cair Dari
Surfaktan Sodium Laureth Sulfate (SLES). Jurnal Sains Natural, 6(1), 10.
https://doi.org/10.31938/jsn.v6i1.250
Departemen Kesehatan Republik Indonesia. (1995). Farmakope Indonesia Jilid IV. Direktorat Jenderal
Pengawasan Obat Dan Makanan, 1–2.
Derelanko, M. J., Finegan, C. E., & Dunn, B. J. (1993). Reliability of using fewer rabbits to evaluate dermal
irritation potential of industrial chemicals. Toxicological Sciences, 21(2), 159–163.
https://doi.org/10.1093/toxsci/21.2.159
Drakontis, C. E., & Amin, S. (2020). Biosurfactants: Formulations, properties, and applications. Current
Opinion in Colloid and Interface Science, 48, 77–90. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cocis.2020.03.013
Elfahmi, Woerdenbag, H. J., & Kayser, O. (2014). Jamu: Indonesian traditional herbal medicine towards
rational phytopharmacological use. Journal of Herbal Medicine, 4(2), 51–73.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hermed.2014.01.002
Esclapez, M. D., GarcÃa-Pérez, J. V., Mulet, A., & Cárcel, J. A. (2011). Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction of
Natural Products. Food Engineering Reviews, 3(2), 108–120. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12393-011-
-6
Franzol, A., Banin, T. M., Brazil, T. R., & Rezende, M. C. (2021). Assessment of kinetic stability of cosmetic
emulsions formulated with different emulsifiers using rheological and sensory analyses. Journal of
Sol-Gel Science and Technology, 99(3), 469–481. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10971-021-05587-x
Freitas de Oliveira, C., Giordani, D., Lutckemier, R., Gurak, P. D., Cladera-Olivera, F., & Ferreira Marczak,
L. D. (2016). Extraction of pectin from passion fruit peel assisted by ultrasound. Lwt, 71, 110–115.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lwt.2016.03.027
Goyal, S. (2014). Medicinal Plants of the Genus Sapindus (Sapindaceae) - a Review of Their Botany,
Phytochemistry, Biological Activity and Traditional Uses. Journal of Drug Delivery and Therapeutics,
(5), 7–20. https://doi.org/10.22270/jddt.v4i5.949
Handayani, T., Resti, A. A., Rahmi, M., & ... (2024). Pemanfaatan Buah Lerak Menjadi Sabun Ramah
Lingkungan Pada UMKM Jagakarsa. Jurnal …, 4(4). https://doi.org/10.59818/jpm.v4i4.719
Hidajat, M. J., Jo, W., Kim, H., & Noh, J. (2020). Article effective droplet size reduction and excellent
stability of limonene nanoemulsion formed by high-pressure homogenizer. Colloids and Interfaces,
(1). https://doi.org/10.3390/colloids4010005
Hu, Y. T., Ting, Y., Hu, J. Y., & Hsieh, S. C. (2017). Techniques and methods to study functional
characteristics of emulsion systems. Journal of Food and Drug Analysis, 25(1), 16–26.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2024 Istiqamah Harnama

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International.
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International (CC-BY-SA). that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work.





