Disparity in Law Enforcement in The Crime of Electronic Information Theft
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.46799/jst.v7i6.1139Abstract
The rapid digital transformation of society has increased cybercrime incidents significantly, particularly electronic information theft, raising concerns over legal certainty and equal law enforcement in Indonesia. This study aims to analyze disparities in the enforcement of electronic information theft cases within the Indonesian criminal justice system. A normative juridical method with a qualitative descriptive approach was employed, using literature study, statutory analysis, and comparative case review. The findings show that enforcement disparities are influenced by ambiguous legal norms, uneven digital forensic infrastructure, differences in judges' digital literacy, and centralized case handling in major cities. Case comparisons between Banjarmasin, South Jakarta, and Yogyakarta reveal significant sentencing variations for similar cybercrime acts. These inconsistencies indicate the absence of standardized sentencing guidelines and unequal evidentiary capacities across jurisdictions. Consequently, such disparities undermine legal certainty and public trust in cyber law enforcement. The study concludes that structural reforms, including the harmonization of legal interpretation, the standardization of sentencing guidelines, and the equitable distribution of forensic technology, are urgently needed to ensure fair and consistent justice in electronic information crime cases. These reforms are essential to strengthen legal certainty, deterrence, and public confidence in Indonesia's digital justice system and to support equitable access to justice across regions nationwide.
Downloads
References
Aini, N., & Lubis, F. (2024). Tantangan pembuktian dalam kasus kejahatan siber. Judge: Jurnal Hukum.
Akbari, A. R., Saputro, A. A., & Marbun, A. N. (2017). Memaknai dan mengukur disparitas: Studi terhadap praktik pemidanaan pada tindak pidana korupsi (R. B. Permana & N. Norita, Eds.). Badan Penerbit Fakultas Hukum Universitas Indonesia-Masyarakat Pemantau Peradilan Indonesia Fakultas Hukum Universitas Indonesia-USAID.
Amuedo-Dorantes, C., Puttitanun, T., & Martinez-Donate, A. P. (2019). Deporting “bad hombres”? The profile of deportees under widespread versus prioritized enforcement. International Migration Review, 53(2), 518–547.
Andhitya, R., & Umam, J. (2025). Analisis kritis penegakan hukum kejahatan siber data breach dalam perspektif hukum pidana Indonesia. Rewang Rencang: Jurnal Hukum Lex Generalis, 6(7), 1–16.
Anggono, B. D., Wahanisa, R., AP, A. O. V. P. S., & Adiyatma, S. E. (2025). Interrogating the legal foundations of digital transformation: Balancing economic growth and social welfare in the era of disruption. Volksgeist: Jurnal Ilmu Hukum dan Konstitusi, 191–211.
Bethune, R. A. (2015). Profiling white-collar criminals: What is white-collar crime, who perpetrates it and why?
Cahyono, S. T., Erni, W., & Hidayat, T. (2025). RIKONSTRUKSI hukum pidana terhadap kejahatan siber (cyber crime) dalam sistem peradilan pidana Indonesia. DJH Dame Jurnal Hukum Yayasan Pesantren Islam Literasi Nusantara, 1(1), 111–133.
Defara, D. (2025). Indonesia’s BSSN records 3.64 billion cyberattacks in first half of 2025. Tempo. https://en.tempo.co/read/2037469/indonesias-bssn-records-3-64-billion-cyberattacks-in-first-half-of-2025
Fikriansyah, F., & Harris, F. (2026). Legal analysis of the application of criminal penalties under Law No. 27 of 2022 on the protection of personal data against doxing on social media. International Journal of New Approaches to Law and Rationality in Nationhood, Governance, and Rights Advocacy, 1(2), 662–673.
Handayani, E. P., Arifin, Z., & Fernando, Z. J. (2025). Criminal penalties in cyberspace: Between the development of digital democracy and authoritarianism. Indonesian Journal of Criminal Law Studies, 10(1), 45–82.
Hafel, M. (2023). Digital transformation in politics and governance in Indonesia: Opportunities and challenges in the era of technological disruption. Society.
Hurst, A. N., Bailey, M. L., Krueger, N. T., Garba, R., & Cokley, K. (2018). The psychological impact of policing on African American students. In Law enforcement in the age of Black Lives Matter: Policing Black and Brown bodies (pp. 53–74).
Idrus, N. F. A. (2023). Disparitas putusan pemidanaan perkara-perkara penipuan online: Kajian putusan Nomor 118/Pid.Sus/2021/PN.Wkb dan Nomor 210/Pid.Sus/2021/PN.Sdr. Jurnal Yudisial, 16(3), 325–341. https://doi.org/10.29123/jy.v16i3.598
Muaya, R. G., Bawole, H., & Taroreh, V. F. (2024). Tindak pidana penistaan agama melalui media sosial berdasarkan Undang-Undang Nomor 1 Tahun 2024 (Studi kasus putusan pengadilan No.122/Pid.Sus/2020/PN.Sorong). E-Journal Unsrat, 1–11.
Potale, M., Wantu, F. M., & Apripari. (2025). Disparitas putusan hakim terhadap tindak pidana pencemaran nama baik melalui media sosial. PCHukumsosial.org, 3(1), 46–57. https://pchukumsosial.org/index.php/pchs
Priyanjani, A. R., Fadillah, F., Ghalib, A., Sutrisno, E., & Permana, Y. (2024). Legal protection data in the world of work in the era of digitalization of technology and information. JOSS: Journal of Social Science, 3(3), 1264–1282. https://joss.al-makkipublisher.com/index.php/js
Sutrisno, E. (2010). Role of law in construction and development of small scale. Jurnal Dinamika Hukum, 15, 5–6.
Sutrisno, E. (2014). Implementasi pengelolaan sumber daya pesisir berbasis pengelolaan wilayah pesisir secara terpadu untuk kesejahteraan nelayan (Studi di perdesaan nelayan Cangkol Kelurahan Lemahwungkuk Kecamatan Lemahwungkuk Kota Cirebon). Jurnal Dinamika Hukum, 14, 1–12.
Sutrisno, E. (2015). Tracing the performance of law in Indonesia: A perspective of Thomas Kuhn’s “normal science.” Journal of Law, Policy and Globalization, 37, 126–137.
Sutrisno, E., & Fajarini, H. (2016). Legal culture of pharmacist in the perspective of law. Jurnal Dinamika Hukum, 16(35), 148–155.
Ulmer, J. T. (2019). Criminal courts as inhabited institutions: Making sense of difference and similarity in sentencing. Crime and Justice, 48(1), 483–522.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Iqbal Maulana Ghozi, Endang Sutrisno
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International.
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International (CC-BY-SA). that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work.
